SELECT 
  f.feature_id, 
  f.purpose, 
  p.product_id, 
  p.parent_product_id, 
  g.id, 
  g.code 
FROM 
  vi_product_variation_group_features AS f 
  INNER JOIN vi_product_variation_groups AS g ON f.group_id = g.id 
  INNER JOIN vi_product_variation_group_products AS p ON f.group_id = p.group_id 
WHERE 
  p.product_id IN (
    148, 149, 242, 243, 134, 135, 156, 154, 
    155, 133, 132, 146, 147, 145, 157, 153, 
    140, 141
  )

Query time 0.00022

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "g",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "rows": 2,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      },
      {
        "block-nl-join": {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "f",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": ["idx_group_id"],
            "rows": 4,
            "filtered": 100
          },
          "buffer_type": "flat",
          "buffer_size": "4Kb",
          "join_type": "BNL",
          "attached_condition": "f.group_id = g.`id`"
        }
      },
      {
        "block-nl-join": {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "p",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "idx_group_id"],
            "rows": 11,
            "filtered": 100,
            "attached_condition": "p.product_id in (148,149,242,243,134,135,156,154,155,133,132,146,147,145,157,153,140,141)"
          },
          "buffer_type": "incremental",
          "buffer_size": "1Kb",
          "join_type": "BNL",
          "attached_condition": "p.group_id = g.`id`"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}